INDIA NEWS

Borrower Not a Consumer: The Supreme Court ruled that a borrower taking a loan for profit-generating activities doesn’t qualify as a "consumer" under the Consumer Protection Act.

By Aniket Chakraborty

Mar 1, 2025

Arrow
Arrow

Business-to-Business Transaction: The Court emphasized that the loan was a commercial transaction, making the complaint against the bank non-maintainable.

2

Arrow

Case Background: Ad Bureau Advertising Pvt Ltd filed a complaint against Central Bank of India for wrongly reporting it as a defaulter to CIBIL.

3

Arrow

Loan for Film Production: The ₹10 crore loan was taken for the post-production of Rajinikanth’s film Kochadaiyan, which later became irregular.

4

Arrow

One-Time Settlement: Ad Bureau settled the loan for ₹3.56 crore but claimed reputational damage due to being marked as a defaulter.

5

Arrow

Dominant Purpose Test: The Court focused on the loan’s dominant purpose, concluding it was for profit generation, not self-use.

6

Arrow

Precedent Cited: The judgment referenced earlier rulings, including Shrikant G. Mantri vs. Punjab National Bank, to support its decision.

7

Arrow

No Consumer Protection: The Court clarified that commercial loans fall outside the scope of the Consumer Protection Act.

8

Arrow

Maintainability Issue: The ruling addressed only the maintainability of the complaint, not the merits of the dispute.

9

Reputational Damage Claim: Ad Bureau’s argument of reputational harm due to CIBIL reporting was dismissed as the transaction was deemed commercial.

10